Volume-2 Issue-1, April 2022 – Indian Journal of Advanced Physics (IJAP)

A1038043123

IJAP Journal — Sat, 08 Apr 2023 11:25:24 +0000

The Indian Journal of Advanced Physics (IJAP) has ISSN 2582-8983 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical half-yearly international journal, which is published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP) in April and October. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Physics that covers Astrophysics, Atmospheric and Space Physics, Atomic & Molecular Physics, Biophysics, Condensed Matter & Materials Physics, Electromagnetism and Optics, Elementary Particles and Fields, Fluid Dynamics, and Plasmas, Gravitation and String Theory, Mathematical Physics, General and Interdisciplinary Physics, Nonlinear dynamics and Complex Systems, Nuclear Physics, Quantum Physics, Optics and Spectroscopy, Particle Physics, Plasma Physics, Relativity and Cosmology, Statistical and Thermodynamics Physics. #Astrophysics, Atmospheric and Space Physics #Atomic & Molecular Physics #Biophysics #Condensed Matter & Materials Physics #Electromagnetism and Optics #Elementary Particles and Fields #Fluid Dynamics, and Plasmas #Gravitation and String Theory #Mathematical Physics #General and Interdisciplinary Physics #Nonlinear dynamics and Complex Systems #Nuclear Physics #Quantum Physics #Optics and Spectroscopy #Particle Physics #Plasma Physics #Relativity and Cosmology #Statistical and Thermodynamics Physics #PhD ademic #Scopus #SCI #LatticeScience #Springer, #ScienceDirect #IEEE #Mendeley #Research #Scholarship #UGC #SSRN #LatticeScience #ESCI #Science #Journal #Conference #SSRN #PubLons

Study of PEM Fuel Cell for Different Cell Temperature
Rohit Gupta¹, Mohit Gupta², Brijendra Kumar Sharma³

¹Rohit Gupta, Department of Physics, Agra College, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P), India.

²Mohit Gupta, Department of Chemistry, IBS Khandari Campus, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P), India.

³Dr. Brijendra Kumar Sharma, Department of Physics, Agra College, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P), India.

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© The Authors. Published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered an eco-friendly, highly efficient, and pollution-free alternative energy source. Due to their outstanding properties, these are used in stationary and transport applications like wild areas, military, space missions, the auto sector, and a few others. Therefore outstanding properties refer to the PEM fuel cells as a future alternative energy source. In this work, the serpentine membrane has been analyzed under different temperatures, and compared with experimental data and previous works. The results show that cell temperature is affected by cell voltage and power density. The cell voltage and power density are decreased with increased temperature and are much clear from the polarization curve. The overall investigations have suggested that the study of the thermal effect on PEM fuel cells provided good results, and the study made it more promising and could enhance its performance.

Keywords: PEM Fuel Cells; Alternative Energy Source; Electrolyte; Membrane; Catalyst layer.
Scope of the Article: PEM Fuel Cell

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C1021041322

IJAP Journal — Thu, 10 Feb 2022 10:08:32 +0000

Relative Nature of Electric Permittivity and Magnetic Permeability of Electromagnetic Wave
Chandra Bahadur Khadka

Chandra Bahadur Khadka, Student of Trichandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Abstract: This research is about the special theory of relativity on electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of electromagnetic wave. For this, Four Maxwell’s electromagnetic equations play an important role. James Clerk Maxwell suggested that the light travel as electromagnetic wave which require no material medium for propagation. The speed of light (C) in free space is always constant and is independent of the speed of source or observer or the relative motion of the inertial system and has velocity ‘C’ given by. So velocity of electromagnetic waves depend on obsolute magnetic permeability (μ₀) and obsolute electric permittivity (ε₀) of free space. These two physical quantities rely on relative motion of inertial system. So μ₀ and ε₀ are not obsolute quantity but are dependent upon the relative motion between the observer and the phenomenon observed. Electric and magnetic field of a charge rely upon the value of obsolute electric permittivity of medium. Concisely, μ₀ and ε₀are variant quantity. Consequently electric and magnetic field get relative for electromagnetic wave. That is electric and magnetic field depend on relative motion of inertial system for electromagnetic waves.

Keywords: Electric Permittivity, Electromagnetic Waves, Magnetic Permeability, Relativity
Scope of the Article: Electromagnetism and Optics

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C1020041322

IJAP Journal — Thu, 10 Feb 2022 10:04:58 +0000

Redefinition of De-Broglie Wavelength Associated with Material Particle
Chandra Bahadur Khadka

Chandra Bahadur Khadka, Student of Trichandra Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Abstract: The objective of the work is to reveal the Association of special theory of relativity with De-Broglie wavelength of a particle. It shows that wave nature of a particle is always associated with it’s relativistic properties. The phenomena of interference, diffraction and polarization of light can only be explained on the basis of wave theory of light. These phenomena show that light possesses wave nature. However, certain phenomena like photoelectric effect, Compton effect and discrete emission and absorption of radiation can only be explained on the basis of quantum theory. According to this theory , light propagates in a small packets or quanta and behave like corpuscles or particle. This shows that light possesses particle nature. thus, we can say that light possesses dual nature. The matter also possesses the same dual nature. In order to have wave nature, the particle must satisfy the equation Where m denotes the mass of particle when it is moving with certain velocity. h=6.62×10-34 is the plank’s constant. C is the velocity of light in free space. This shows that wavelength of a material Particle depends on mass. When mathematical operation is done on above equation, it give complete quantitative properties about the wave nature of a particle.

Keywords: De-Broglie wav length, Dual nature, Quantum theory, Relativity
Scope of the Article: Electromagnetism and Optics

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C1019041322

IJAP Journal — Sat, 18 Dec 2021 08:53:48 +0000

Mass Accretion During the Motion of Raindrops
Sneha Dey¹, A. Ghorai²

¹Sneha Dey, Department of Physics, Maulana Azad College, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

²A. Ghorai, School of Science, Jangalpur Road, Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

Abstract: Exploration of dynamics of raindrops is one of the simple yet most complicated mechanical problems. Mass accretion from moist air during the motion of raindrop through resistive medium holds an arbitrary power law equation. Its integral part is the change of shape, terminal motions and terminal solutions, etc. Classical Newtonian formalism is used to formulate a mathematical model of generalized first order differential equation. We have discussed about the terminal velocity of raindrop and its variation with the extensive use of python program and library. It is found that terminal velocity 𝐯𝐓𝐜𝛂𝛃 is achieved within 20 seconds where 𝛂=, 𝛃=(𝟎,𝟏) and 𝐧=𝟎,𝟏,𝟐,𝟑,𝟒,…. Its variations due to mass accretion roughly follows the earlier predicted range 𝐠/𝟕 to 𝐠/𝟑.

Keywords: Air Resistance, Mass Accretion Rate, Raindrop, Terminal Velocity.
Scope of the Article: General and Interdisciplinary Physics

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C1018041322

IJAP Journal — Sat, 11 Dec 2021 11:07:14 +0000

A Comprehensive Study of Mass Accretion and Atmospheric Effect of Raindrop
Sneha Dey¹, A. Ghorai²

¹Sneha Dey, Department of Physics, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

²Dr. A. Ghorai, Associated Professor, Department of Physics, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata (West Bengal), India.

Abstract: The mass accretion of a raindrop in different layers of the atmosphere is not dealt with so far. A comprehensive brief study of the motion of raindrops through the atmosphere (i) without mass accretion, (ii) with mass accretion and (iii) finally pressure variation in the atmosphere with altitude using Bernoulli’s equation is illustrated. Acquirement of mass from moist air is mass accretion and mass accretion during the motion of raindrop through resistive medium holds an arbitrary power-law equation. Bernoulli’s equation when applied to it, the generalized first-order differential equation is reduced to a polynomial equation. Results show a single intersecting point of approximate terminal velocity 1 m/s and mass 10-06 mg as illustrated. Terminal velocity is achieved within 25 sec. There is the approximate exponential growth of terminal velocity. An increase in momentum is due to mass accretion during motion. Various conditions of no mass accretion and mass accretion show the same result while for atmospheric effect using Bernoulli’s equation the first-order differential equation reduces to a polynomial equation.

Keywords: Air Resistance, Bernoulli’s Equation, Cloud Collide, Mass Accretion Rate, Moist Air, Raindrop, Terminal Velocity.
Scope of the Article: General and Interdisciplinary Physics

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C1017041322

IJAP Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 10:29:50 +0000

Inactivation of Airborne Viruses using Newly Designed Emitron
Ramakrishna K¹, Chaya K², Rohit S Mane³

¹Ramakrishna K, Unimech Healthcare, Bangalore (Karnataka), India.

²Chaya K, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, (Karnataka), India.

³Rohit S Mane, Unimech Healthcare, Bangalore (Karnataka), India.

Abstract: The objective of the current research is to validate the microbiological quality of Emitron against MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds. Unimech healthcare designed PMEE based Emitron which is mostly used to reduce the microbial count and virus count in an area. To perform microbiological testing of the Emitron, environmental monitoring was performed for MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds before and after treatment by settle plate method. Petri plates of sterilized Phage agar, SCDA and PDA media were prepared and exposed for environment monitoring before and after treatment by settle plate method. The phage agar and SCDA plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours and PDA plates incubated at 25°C for 5 days. Total of 99% reduction was reported in microbiology lab with respect to the microorganisms after installing Emitron. We can conclude that the Unimech healthcare’s Emitron is virus attenuation device so one can use it to purify the air and kill the viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microbes.

Keywords: Corona virus, Emitron, MS2 phage, PPME
Scope of the Article: Biophysics

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